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OWASP Top 10 for LLM Apps (2025): A Developer’s Guide to Mitigations, Code Patterns, and Secure AI Pipelines By CyberDudeBivash • September 21, 2025 (IST)

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  Executive Summary  Treat all prompts and retrieved context as untrusted. Assume direct and indirect prompt injection —from web pages, PDFs, or “helpful” tool outputs. Bind LLMs behind capability caps, allowlisted tools, and schema-validated outputs before anything executes. OWASP places Prompt Injection and (Improper) Output Handling at the top of 2025 risks for good reason. OWASP GenAI +1 Privacy & data exposure are now first-class risks. LLMs can leak PII, secrets, or system prompts —sometimes via model behavior you didn’t intend. Build redaction at ingest , context filters for RAG, and tenant isolation by default; don’t rely on model “politeness.” OWASP GenAI Ship a secure pipeline, not just a prompt. Lock model and tool versions, publish an SBOM for your LLM stack, pin dependencies, and policy-gate releases. Align your program with OWASP LLM Top-10 and NIST AI RMF + Generative AI Profile for governance and audits. OWASP +1 Table of Contents ...